Us History Research Paper - 930 Words

The history of the United States began with the settlement of Indigenous people before 10,000 BC. Numerous cultures formed. The arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492 started the European colonization of the Americas. Most colonies formed after 1600. The Spanish built small settlements in Florida and the Southwest, and the French along the Mississippi River and the Gulf Coast. By the 1770s, thirteen British colonies contained 2.5 million people along the Atlantic coast east of the Appalachian Mountains. After the end of the French and Indian Wars in the 1760s, the British government imposed a series of new taxes, rejecting the colonists argument that new taxes needed their approval . Tax resistance, especially the Boston Tea Party, led†¦show more content†¦However, compared to European powers, the nations military strength was relatively limited in peacetime before 1940. The expansion was driven by a quest for inexpensive land for yeoman farmers and slave owners. The expans ion of slavery was increasingly controversial and fueled political and constitutional battles, which were resolved by compromises. Slavery was abolished in all states north of the Mason–Dixon line by 1804, but the South continued to profit off the institution, mostly from production of cotton. Republican Abraham Lincoln was elected in 1860 on a platform of halting the expansion of slavery. Seven Southern slave states rebelled and created the foundation of the Confederacy. Its attack of Fort Sumter against the Union forces started the Civil War . Confederate defeat led to the impoverishment of the South and the abolition of slavery. In the Reconstruction Era, legal and voting rights were extended to freed slaves. The national government emerged much stronger, and because of the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868, it gained the explicit duty to protect individual rights. However, when white Democrats regained their power in the South in 1877, often by paramilitary suppression of voting, they passed Jim Crow laws to maintain white supremacy, and new disfranchising constitutions that prevented most African Americans and many poor whites from voting. This would continued until gains of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s and passageShow MoreRelatedUs History Research Paper1780 Words   |  8 PagesThe United States History is an important aspect that people in today’s society still learn about it, there are specific topics that are enormously mentioned in the actual reality. Some of those topics are; Puritanism, Separatism, Religion and even Politics. Going back to the late 1620s and the 1630s when King Charles decided to dissolve the Parliament of England, which did not left hope to the citizens that the will of God will be enforced in England (25). With these events, the people started toRead MoreThe Enlightenment Research Paper Ap Us History2900 Words   |  12 PagesThe Impact of the Enlightenment in Colonial America Crà ­stel Mendieta Lincoln International Academy Advanced Placement United States History Mr. Roger Brady September 12, 2012 Abstract This research paper was written for the Advanced Placement United States History class taught by Mr. Roger Brady. It focuses on the rise of the ideas of the Enlightenment and how these ideas were relevant in the American Revolution, and the creation of the modern American Society. It also provides a throughoutRead MoreUs History World War Ii Research Paper2199 Words   |  9 PagesUS History Research Paper World War II 5/03/2011 What technology was developed during World War II, and how has the technology developed during World War II impacted the world today? Technology played a key role in determining the outcome of World War II. The high military demand for more advanced technology acted as a catalyst for the development of technology in the interwar years of the 1920’s and 1930’s. Scientists and Engineers alike poured massive amounts of research and developmentRead MoreHistory of British Foreign Policy1135 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Italians, had discovered the method of preventing any monarch from rising to such a degree of power as was inconsistent with the general liberty† articulates the author of The History of the reign of Charles V, one of the many books, that I surveyed for my undergraduate research paper entitled â€Å"British Foreign Policy in the XVIII Century: The Struggle for an European Balance of Power†. As indicated by the title, this project explores a provocative but yet scarcely studied, other than the worksRead MoreThe Impact Of Gaap And Ifrs On Accounting Programs923 Words   |  4 Pagesimpact. The Literature Review had four categories; â€Å"a brief history of IFRS, a summary of reports from countries that have adopted IFRS, a summary of two surveys performed with accounting educators in the U.S. regarding curriculum impact, and a discussion on curriculum and human capital impact.† (Bandypadhyay, J. McGee, P.F., 2012) There were forty-two different sources cited in this review. The Literature Review discussed the history of IFRS beginning with the International Accounting StandardRead MoreUs History Before 1877 Essay886 Words   |  4 PagesU.S. before 1877 Library paper Directions: Step 1 – Library Hours. Print the hours the library is open and where you found the information. (2 points) I went to sfccmo.edu in my safari browser. Then I clicked on the â€Å"Resource’s for† tab. Next I clicked on the â€Å"Proctor Library† tab. Then I scrolled down and the hours are posted on the far left side of the page. Hours Fall and Spring Semesters 7:30 a.m. to 8 p.m. Monday-Thursday 7:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. Friday Closed Saturday and Sunday Summer SemesterRead MoreEssay about History and Values995 Words   |  4 PagesHistory and Values: Homework Paper Week 1 Michele Kendall Devry University HUM 415: Vietnam and the 20th Century Experience Introduction Many people don’t care about learning history in today’s society. Arguments regarding whether to offer certain history classes are always being debated. Some believe that it’s a waste of time learning about all the wars and tragedies as they move forward into a world of technology. Many will tell you that the past belongs there, in the past.Read MoreReasearch On The Capabilities Maturity Model831 Words   |  4 Pagesorganization for our software projects How does this model be built, and how could we use this model to evaluate a software organization? In this research paper, I will present the history of Capability Maturity Model first and then present my initial findings about CMM. And this paper will also give details of my research approach for CMM, research hypothesis, and research conclusion. By compare and contrast with the CMM model and development of modern software industry, finally I will try to give my modernRead MoreEssay about BUS 30 2 Assignment 1 Kodak and Fujifilm1547 Words   |  7 Pagesevolve into the Kodak Company in 1880. The Kodak Company was built on four basic principles: mass production at low cost, international distribution, widespread advertising, and customer focus. Throughout its history a few more policies were added: growth and development through continuing research, human resources, and a profit reinvestment program.   (Building the Foundation) The approach of Kodak in ethics and social responsibility was different from the normal way of doing business at the time. GeorgeRead MoreThe Grimm Brothers: Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm1571 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: I chose to research fairytales, specifically fairytales by the Grimm brothers. Fairytales are short stories that tend to consist of fantasy people, places, and objects. Many of these consist of fairies or magical creatures. Most fairy tales start off with â€Å"Once upon a time†, or â€Å"In a faraway land†. Many times in fairytales objects are enchanted and can talk or move. The most common characters in a fairy tale are prince and princess. A lot of fairy tales are retold throughout generations

Substance Use Disorders ( Sud ) - 1020 Words

Introduction Substance use disorders (SUD’s) are defined when the recurrent use of drugs and / or alcohol give rise to an array of clinically significant behavioral and physical health problems (Agley, 2016; Dwinnels, 2015). Substance use disorders impair individuals’ safety and quality of life and often co-occur with depression disorders (Dwinnels, 2015; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration [SAMHSA], 2014). According to the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, approximately 21.5 million Americans aged 12 or older had SUDs within the past year (Montgomery, 2015; SAMHSA, 2014). Currently, it is estimated that 20.2 million people with SUDs did not receive appropriate care (SAMHSA, 2014; Small, 2016).†¦show more content†¦Department of Health Human Services, DHHS, n.d.). Milstead Framework Agenda Setting Applying Knestrick and Milstead (1998), health policy framework to the previously identified problem of SUDs, agenda setting is priority. Politicians, lobbyists, congressmen, and the public, need to know the prevalence, scope, and impact of substance use disorders at the local level. According to the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, (2016) alcohol-impaired driving death rates were 28% compared to the U.S. top performer 14%. Drug overdose death rates in Athens County, Ohio were 13% compared to the U.S. top performer 8% (Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2016). According to a recent economic study conducted by the National Drug Intelligence Center (2011), estimated costs for illicit drug use in the United States in 2007 exceed $193 billion health care dollars. Moreover, in 2012, fatal drug overdoses cost Ohioans $2.0 billion dollars (Ohio Department of Health, 2015). Legislative Action The next facet of Knestrick and Milsteid’s framework (1998) is legislative action. Reflecting back to the 1990’s the Institute of Medicine published a series of reports informing on the need to integrate primary care services with mental health and SUD’s, however, legislation failed to support this recommendation until the Paul Wellstone and Pete Domenici Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act of 2008 (MHPAEA). The MHPAEA act requires equal insurance coverageShow MoreRelatedSubstance Use Disorders ( Suds )1720 Words   |  7 Pagesdetermined that children raised by substance using parents are at an increased risk for developing substance use disorders (SUDs) in adulthood as a result of familial dissemination of substance abuse through both the environments in which the children are raised and genetic susceptibility (Merikangas et al., 1998; Merikangas Avenevoli, 2000). Unfortunately, there is an insignificant amount of literature exa mining the effects that the combined treatment and recovery of substance abusing parents has on theRead MoreSubstance Use Disorder ( Sud )948 Words   |  4 PagesSubstance Use Disorder’s (SUD) have become an escalating issue in the mental health field over the last few decades. The alarming incline to drug related and co-occurring maladaptive behaviors has created a dedicated science to better understand and define this problematic situation. Definition allows the therapeutic process to evolve around the symptomatic problem in order to deliver the hope of recovery. Social stigmas often view drug abuse and addiction as one in the same, but when viewed by theRead MoreSubstance Use Disorders ( Suds )2100 Words   |  9 Pagesby substance using parents are at an increased risk for developing substance use disorders (SUDs) in adulthood as a result of familial dissemination of substance abuse through both the environments in which the children are raised and genetic susceptibili ty (Merikangas et al., 1998; Merikangas Avenevoli, 2000). However, there is an insignificant amount of literature examining the effects that the combined treatment and recovery of substance abusing parents has on their children. Substance useRead MoreIndividuals With Substance Use Disorders ( Suds )843 Words   |  4 PagesIndividuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) are difficult to treat due to the high prevalence of relapse, with an average of 50% relapsing within the first year (Bowen et al., 2014). Research has shown that current relapse prevention therapy is ineffective and other techniques are needed for effective treatment. To decrease the incidence of relapse, Bowen et al. (2014) set out to assess the effectiveness of mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) compared with standard relapse preventionRead MoreIntegrating Substance Use Disorder ( Sud ) And Healthcare Services969 Words   |  4 PagesIntegrating substance use disorder (SUD) and healthcare services is a major target in the era of healthcare reform.1 Care integration has gained momentum with the recognition that people with SUDs often have multiple physical health problems and are at greater risk for chronic diseases (e.g., conge stive heart failure).1 One practice that has been cited as important in efforts to integrate care is Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT), an evidence-based model that can beRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder Research by Essay example1624 Words   |  7 Pages　　In the research paper of â€Å"Examining the Interactive Effect of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Distress Tolerance, and Gender on Residential Substance Use Disorder Treatment Retention† which is written by Matthew T. Tull, Kim L. Gratz, and Scott F. Coffey, University of Mississippi. Researchers conducted a research about how PTSD-SUD diagnosis affect on residential SUD treatment completion(Tull, 2012;Gratz, 2012;Coffey,2012 p.763). 　　Aside from the researches leaded by professors at University ofRead MoreBorderline Personality Disorder and Substance Abuse Essay1650 Words   |  7 Pagespaper will examine the results of four studies: One is a prospective follow-up study, one is a prospective naturalistic study, one is a case control study and the last one is a randomized clinical trial. They are on borderline personality disorder and substance abuse articles by Walter et al. (2009), Zanarini et al. (2010), Gratz Tull, (2010), and by Linehan, Schmidt III, Dimeff, Craft, Kanter Comtois, (1999) respectively. The hypotheses, methods and results will be summarized. The future researchRead MoreThe Addiction Epidemic Of Substance Abuse Essay1699 Words   |  7 PagesAddiction Epidemic The use of substances for physical, mind and social advantage has been around since the beginning of documented history. Contemporary use of prescription medication for these advantages has led to a national epidemic of substance abuse. Health care providers need to recognize the disease process of addiction in order to effectively combat the growing epidemic of substance use disorders (SUD). Strategies to decrease the prevalence and incidence of SUD include defining addictionRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder Essay912 Words   |  4 Pagesof post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD) is very prevalent. The rate of PTSD and SUD in adults receiving chemical dependency services ranges from 12% to 34% and the rates of trauma throughout the lifetime is even greater (Kessler, Sonnega, Bromet, Huges, Nelson, 1995; Langeland Hartgers, 1998; Najavits, Weiss, Shaw, 1997; Stewart, 1996; Stewart, Conrod, Pihl, Dongier, 1999; Triffleman, 1998). Moreover, a dual-diagnosis of PTSD and SUD is two to three times moreRead MoreThe Growing Percentage Of Males And Females With Substance Use Disorder1656 Words   |  7 PagesSuffering with Substance Use Disorder Jerrelda Drummer Sanders SOWK 751 Dr. D. Freeman December 4, Fall Semester 2015 Southern University at New Orleans Males and Females Suffering with Substance Use Disorder 2. About 24 million Americans over age 12 (or 9% of the population) have used an illegal drug (mostly marijuana) or abused a medication in the past month, (APA 2013). A drug is (1) any substance that affects the

An Argumentative Essay Regarding the building of the Keystone pipeline Free Essays

With an increasing global population and ever industrializing society’s, environmental concern is rarely given priority over economic incentive. But what people fail to realize is that our environmental failures, and relative apathy about it set up a plethora of problems for future generations to deal with. One of the most important decisions president Obama will face in the next year will be whether or not to approve the building of the Keystone XL pipeline, a massively sized, and massively controversial oil pipeline that would stretch all the way from Alberta Canada, to American oil refineries along the Gulf Of Mexico. We will write a custom essay sample on An Argumentative Essay Regarding the building of the Keystone pipeline or any similar topic only for you Order Now Despite the economic incentive present, the building of the Keystone XL pipeline should not happen because of the environmental risks posed, and the fact that it bolsters our dependence on fossil fuels. Oil pipelines are prone to environmentally devastating spills, and have never proved to be an effective long term solution for the transport of crude oil. A pipeline the size of the Keystone XL would simply be a disaster waiting to happen. The proposed pipeline would stretch over 2,000 miles, and go directly above the Ogalalla Aquifer in the central United States. The Ogalalla aquifer is one of the largest, and most important in the entire United States, â€Å"About 27 percent of the irrigated land in the United States overlies this aquifer system, which yields about 30 percent of all ground water used for irrigation in the United States. The aquifer system supplies drinking water to 82 percent of the 2. 3 million people (1990 census) who live within the boundaries of the High Plains study area.† (Dennehy) The sheer size of the aquifer makes it so that the Keystone XL would have to go over it in order to reach it’s destination, so what damage a spill would have is only magnified by the agricultural importance of the aquifer. There have been 24 oil pipeline spills in the US alone over the last decade, spilling over 680 thousand tonnes of oil. (List of Oil Spills). And even despite a recent spill in Arkansas, proponents of the pipeline still have failed to properly look into it’s potential impact. â€Å"†¦the study is missing some critical elements, including an in-depth review of pipeline safety issues, added pollution in refinery communities and a special assessment of the impact on wildlife†¦. Keystone XL is rife with issues that exacerbate climate change and environmental injustices. † (Mogerman). Rather than be concerned with the issues presented by the pipeline, or the past precedent of failure many pipelines have had in the US, Keystone supporters seem to only be focused on the profit it’s building would turn. And many wealthy supporters have turned to lobbying News programs into downplaying it’s risks. â€Å"TV Outlets Mentioned Jobs Benefits Twice As Often As Spill Risks. Television outlets overlooked the threat of Keystone XL to the sensitive ecosystems along the pipeline route, mentioning the risk of a spill in just 20 percent of coverage since Election Day, November 6, 2012. Meanwhile, 43 percent of television coverage promoted the jobs benefits of the pipeline.† (Fitsimmons) The media is the most effective way to get a message to the public, and wealthy oil corporations have proved they’re willing to spend money to get a persuasive message across to the public, â€Å"Keystone pipeline supporters outspend it’s opponents 35 to 1†¦ Some of this money going to news stations to encourage a positive view be portrayed. † (Israel) If the Keystone pipeline is built, a potential spill poses immense environmental risk to humans and wildlife alike, but supporters fail to acknowledge these risks and continue to push for it’s production. America should be moving toward widespread usage of renewable energy, for the sake of its economy and environment; the building of the Keystone XL pipeline would only further our national dependence on non-sustainable sources of energy. America, like many countries worldwide has been making a push toward sustainable energy on all fronts, and as public support of the shift becomes more and more apparent, â€Å"85% of Iowan’s support wind farms, and this number is an accurate gauge of the approximate public attitude nationwide.† (Haugen) large energy companies, and other companies like car manufacturers become more and more likely to jump on the bandwagon and help the progress, â€Å"Green car madness has taken over. This year we have seen more electric and hybrid vehicle startups than ever before. † (Morrison) Nearly everyone recognizes the benefits of the shift, both in terms of how it would help our environment in the long term, but also the economic impact it would have, (reduced gas costs, lower electric and other utilities bills†¦ etc. ) But still, many large companies work to impede the progress in favor of  maintaining our dependence on fossil fuels. The American Petroleum institute has worked with many oil industry protection companies to stymie the renewable energy movement, even in some cases, â€Å"posing as environmentalist groups in order to attract the support of environmentalists while simultaneously pushing their anti-renewable agenda. † (Blankenhorn) Many of these companies striving against renewable energy also support the building of the Keystone pipeline, using the justification that the building of the pipeline would lower gas prices. But what they fail to acknowledge is the basic economic fallacy of this, â€Å"Fossil energy prices are not going to fall. The more you remove carbon-based resources from the ground, the more it costs to get more. † (Blankenhorn) The law of supply and demand dictates that as supply lessens, demand goes up, and as does price. So even if prices are lowered in the short term, the fact that crude oil is a non-renewable resource assures that the pipeline is in no way a permanent solution to gas prices so many people worry about. Perhaps a more permanent solution to gas prices would to eliminate gas altogether. Rather than pumping money into a project like the pipeline that would simply increase our dependence on fossil fuels, more money should be put into the research and development of sustainable energy. With the US dollar that will go into building the Keystone pipeline, â€Å"Approximately 12. 2$ billion† (TransCanada), with that money alone, we could afford to put a whole home solar panel system on over 1. 8 million homes across the country (Wholesale Solar), or purchase a Nissan Leaf electric car (no gas emissions, 108 mpg) for over four hundred thousand people.(Gunther) Supporters of the Keystone Pipeline argue that the jobs created by the pipeline, and the money that would in turn be pumped into the economy validates its building. Approval of the pipeline would immediately add many job opportunities to the American workforce, â€Å"It’s estimated that the Keystone XL project would help create at least 20,000 new American jobs in manufacturing and construction, said House Speaker John Boehner. † (Shierter) This immediate influx of jobs would benefit the national economy and reduce unemployment. Supporters also say that it’s building would help reduce gas prices throughout the country, a pressing issue that effects a large number of people. â€Å".. they say the few pipelines that do connect Canada’s oil production region to the US currently flow where refining capacity is limited. This means less gasoline for your tank. The result would mean more supply for US consumers, and therefore, lower gasoline prices. † (Sanati) With the pipeline carrying nearly 800,000 barrels of oil a day directly into U. S. Refineries, our foreign dependence would be significantly reduced, and the ‘everyday person’ would see a drop in their gas prices. Supporters say that these economic incentives are enough enough to outweigh the environmental risks of building the pipeline. While the fact that the pipeline being built would immediately create 20,000+ jobs for American people is a fact, and can’t be refuted, what supporters like John Boehner fail to acknowledge is the permanence of these jobs. The national energy panel came out with a report regarding the economic impact of building the pipeline, saying â€Å"†¦ once up and running, the operation of the pipeline would only support 35 permanent and 15 temporary jobs, mostly for inspections, maintenance and repairs. Based on this estimate, routine operation of the proposed pipeline would have negligible socioeconomic impacts. † (Buford) What good in an influx of 20,000+ jobs if, once done with their initial job are no longer needed? The idea that the jobs created by the pipeline should be enough to make us want to build it is a short-sighted evasion of facts. Rather than thrust people into impermanent jobs related to the pipeline employers nationwide should be pushing people toward working in the field of renewable energy, â€Å"The field of renewable energy has expanded vastly over the last 10 years, creating over 2.3 permanent jobs worldwide. A number expected to continue increasing. † But America has yet to embrace this shift as other countries have â€Å"In the United States, federal policies have been weak and inconsistent over the years. Still, a study for the American Solar Energy Society found that the U. S. renewables sector employed close to 200,000 people directly in 2006 and another 246,000 indirectly. † (Bezdek) The potential is there for renewable energy to emerge as a power player in terms of national employment in the U.S, other countries show it’s massive potential, â€Å"In 2006 Germany had some 259,000 direct and indirect jobs in the renewables sector. The number is expected to reach 400,000-500,000 by 2020 and then 710,000 by 2030. † (Buhler) Yet the U. S still seems wary to make a commitment to renewable energy, in many ways do to powerful oil companies and other people with economic interests in oil working to impede a national shift. Rather than focus on the short term employment that would come from the Keystone Pipeline, the American government and energy companies should work on shifting from fossils fuels, to renewable energy. It would not only benefit the environment, but expand an already existing field of permanent jobs. The risks posed by building the Keystone XL pipeline outweigh it’s economic potential by a large margin. It’s building would only further delay us as a country from moving toward widespread renewable energy. As inhabitants of this Earth it is our responsibility to preserve and protect the Earth and it’s natural resources for future generations, to build the Keystone pipeline would contradict that philosophy. Many people have stepped up for the cause and publicly opposed the pipeline, whether through petitions, letters to political figures, or actual demonstrations, this public pressure is what convinces politicians to support a stance, and this will to protect is exactly what will end up preserving our Earth. â€Å"We abuse land because we regard it as a commodity, belonging to us. When we see land as a community to which we belong, then we may begin to use it with love and respect. † How to cite An Argumentative Essay Regarding the building of the Keystone pipeline, Essays

Saint Francis of Assisi and the Stigmata Essay Example For Students

Saint Francis of Assisi and the Stigmata Essay In the painting, Saint Francis of Assisi Receiving the Stigmata, by artist Jan Van Eyck, we see a scene which takes place on a rocky hillside overlooking a village. The scene shows Saint Francis receiving his stigmata, which are actual wounds appearing on the hands and feet of the individual receiving the anomaly. These wounds are apparently reflective of those which Christ endured throughout the crucifixion process. In the painting, standing next to Saint Francis is a man whom many believe to be Brother Leo; known to be with Saint Francis when he had a vision of the angel nailed to a cross, followed by the appearing of the mysterious stigmata. The painting is much smaller than I expected. I knew that it was small, from class discussions, but seeing just how tiny it is, and how incredible the detail is, is breathtaking. Saint Francis is kneeling, draped in a brown cloak that covers all of his body except for his head, hands and feet. Looking closer at the anatomy, his body looks as though its contorted, but Im assuming thats purposeful so that the bottoms of his feet are visible. The angel is just to the right of Saint Francis head. He has six wings that are vibrant blues, creams and reds. Two of them are held above his head, two are extended outwards at his sides, and two are covering the bottom half of his body. The angel is nailed to a cross. The angels head is hung, but his eyes are directly lined up with the stigmata on Saint Francis hands. The three men are on a grassy hillside, with many plants and rocks surrounding them. The scene is painted in great detail, right down to the small boat full of people and the view of the town in the distance. Even the ferns on the surrounding foliage are almost obsessively realistic. Although the anatomy of the figures is slightly off, to show off the bottoms of Saint Francis feet, the painting is very detailed and looks, at first glance, incredibly real. Saint Francis of Assisi and a Devotee, is an older painting. It was created in 1285, rather than 1430 like the first. It is also slightly larger. It isnt much taller, but looks like about double in width. The painting is very Gothic, a great contrast to the hyper-realism Renaissance painting by Jan Van Eyck. This scene depicts Saint Francis and a devotee, or someone who is devoted to him. Saint Francis is showing his stigmata on his left hand and has a red book in his right. On his head he has a halo. There is no sense of space in this piece. Theres no scene that theyre in, no horizon line or perspective. The background is simply a mixture of dark blue and black. And the figures, although recognizable as figures, are not anatomically correct. For once, Saint Francis is proportionally larger than the devotee. While the devotee is kneeling, which also makes him shorter, his head and body are smaller than Saint Francis. This subtle size difference creates an obvious hierarchy. The devotee is, as stated before, kneeling in front of Saint Francis. His hands are open, palms facing up, and he is looking up at Saint Francis. The figures in Jan Van Eycks, although slightly distorted, still have faces that are incredibly realistic. The faces of the figures in this painting look as though they could be the same. The only sense of form and dimension are the small amounts of shadows and highlights on the fabric the figures wear. Both paintings depict a similar subject. They both show Saint Francis with his stigmata facing the viewer. However, they were both done during different movements and styles. Saint Francis of Assisi and a Devotee is very Gothic. Its figures are stylized, especially those of religious importance. Religious was supposed to be something mysterious, something that was unfathomably awesome to the common man. Artists depicted the spiritual side to things, rather than the literal. .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be , .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be .postImageUrl , .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be , .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be:hover , .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be:visited , .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be:active { border:0!important; } .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be:active , .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u852dc03b38e6e38a16c4cb1ce7eae9be:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How the Colonies of Virginia and Massachusetts Differ. EssayThe Renaissance was the exact opposite. Many of the artists were hyper-realists. They studied perspective, anatomy, and learned how to almost perfectly illustrate the things they saw. Yes, Jan Van Eycks painting is a religious scene, but all of the figures look like normal men. Even the angel, save for the six wings, looks like a normal person. And the setting, which is beautifully painted, is most likely somewhere you can actually go. Both of these paintings have a similar subject, but they show them in two incredibly different ways. Bibliography: Eyck, Jan Van. Saint Francis of Assisi Receiving the Stigmata. 1430-32. Oil on vellum on panel. Philadelphia Museum of Art, Gallery 219. Saint Francis of Assisi and a Devotee. 1285. Tempera and silver on panel with horizontal grain. Philadelphia Museum of Art, Gallery 210. St. Francis of Assisi. Saints Angels. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2014. The Rev. Ignatius Charles Brady, O.F.M. Saint Francis of Assisi (Italian Saint). Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2014.